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Index Index

Accuracy Paragraph Definition
AIMRaD Paragraph
Analysis of variance Paragraph
Artificial intelligence Item
Averages Paragraph Section
compared Example Subsection
Between-individual variation Item Item
Bias Paragraph
interpretation Item
non-response Definition Paragraph
question order Item
recall Item Item
response Definition Paragraph Item
selection Item Definition Item
Blinding Section Example
descriptions Section
double Paragraph
individuals Section Section Exercise
researchers Section Paragraph
single Paragraph
triple Paragraph
Blocking Paragraph Paragraph
Cards: standard pack Note
Carryover effect Section Item
Cases Paragraph
Cause and effect Example
Chance Item Section
Clinical trials Paragraph
Comparison
between individuals Paragraph Paragraph Exercise Paragraph Paragraph
within individuals Paragraph Example Example Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Exercise
Computers and software Section Item Paragraph Item
data entry Section Subsection
in research Section
jamovi Note Section
long format Paragraph
spreadsheets Paragraph Paragraph Example
statistical Paragraph Section Paragraph Note Paragraph Note Warning
wide format Paragraph
Conditions Definition Paragraph Example Paragraph
Confidence intervals Chapter Item Paragraph Item Paragraph
comparing two means|( Section
comparing two means|) Paragraph
comparing two odds (odds ratio) Section
comparing two proportions Section
correlation coefficient|( Paragraph
correlation coefficient|) Paragraph
interpretation Section Section
mean difference|( Section
mean difference|) Section
one mean|( Section
one mean|) Section
one proportion Section Example
paired quantitative data|( Section
paired quantitative data|) Section
regression parameters|( Subsection
regression parameters|) Subsection
selecting Chapter
statistical validity Section
writing conclusions Section
Confounding Definition Paragraph Item Item
analysis Item Item Paragraph
blocking Item
control variables Paragraph
random allocation Paragraph Paragraph Item
restricting Item
Control Example Section Paragraph Item
Control group Example
Correlation Subsection Paragraph Paragraph Item
Correlation coefficient
Kendall Paragraph
Spearman Paragraph Item
Correlation coefficient (Pearson) Subsection Paragraph Section
negative Item
positive Item
zero Item
Correlation coefficient!Kendall Paragraph
Correlation coefficient!Spearman Paragraph
Data Paragraph Definition Paragraph
objective Paragraph Example Section Warning Example Item
paired Paragraph Example Paragraph Section Paragraph Paragraph Item
subjective Example Example Section Example
Data collection Section Item
Data falsification Item
Dataset Definition
Deception Exercise
Decision making Paragraph Paragraph Section Paragraph
assumption Subsection
decision Subsection
expectation Subsection
observations Subsection
steps Section
Definitions Section
conceptual Definition
operational Definition Paragraph Paragraph
Dependent variable Warning
Difference between means Paragraph Chapter
Difference between proportions Section Section Section Section
Distribution Definition
qualitative data Paragraph
quantitative data Section
Distributions Paragraph
Drop outs Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Ecological validity Item
Estimate Definition Paragraph Paragraph Item Item
Ethics Chapter Section Paragraph Warning Item Item Paragraph Paragraph Item Item
Event Paragraph
compound Definition
simple Definition
Evidence-based research Section Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Examples
cadmium in peanuts Section
Exclusion criteria Paragraph Definition Item
Exhaustive Item Definition Paragraph Example
Expected counts Subsection Paragraph
Explanatory variable Item Section Paragraph Paragraph
External validity Paragraph Chapter Section Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Item Item
Extrapolation Definition Paragraph Paragraph
F-score Example
Fisher’s exact test Paragraph
Five-number summary Warning
Frequency table
bins Paragraph
qualitative data Paragraph
quantitative data Paragraph
Graphs
back-to-back stemplot Subsection
bar chart Subsection Subsection
bar chart!compared to other graphs Subsection
boxplot Subsection Paragraph
case-profile plot Subsection Item
changes within individuals Paragraph
comparing between individuals Paragraph
dot chart!compared to other graphs Subsection
dot chart!comparing qualitative data Subsection
dot chart!comparing quantitative data Subsection
dot chart!one qualitative variable Subsection
dot chart!one quantitative variable Subsection
dot chart!two-dimensional Subsection
error bar charts Paragraph
histogram Subsection Example
histogram of differences Subsection
histogram of differences Paragraph
histogram!bins Paragraph Paragraph Example
pie chart Subsection Subsection
pie chart!compared to other graphs Subsection
pie chart!warnings Paragraph
preparing Section Subsection
qualitative data Section
scatterplot Section Section Paragraph Paragraph Warning
scatterplot!direction Item
scatterplot!form Item Subsection
scatterplot!strength Item
scatterplot!variation Item
side-by-side bar chart Subsection Example Paragraph
stacked bar chart Subsection Paragraph
stemplot Subsection
using software Section Subsection
Hawthorne effect Section
Hypotheses Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Note
alternative Item Paragraph Subsection
null Item Paragraph Paragraph Subsection
one-tailed Paragraph Paragraph
scientific Note
statistical Paragraph Note
two-tailed Paragraph Paragraph
Hypothesis testing Chapter Item Paragraph Paragraph
comparing two means|( Section
comparing two means|) Paragraph
comparing two proportions Section
correlation coefficient|( Paragraph
correlation coefficient|) Subsection
interpretation Section
mean difference Paragraph Item
mean difference|( Section
mean difference|) Section
odds ratio Section
one mean|( Section
one mean|) Section
one proportion|( Section
one proportion|) Section
paired quantitative data|( Section
paired quantitative data|) Section
regression parameters|( Subsection
regression parameters|) Subsection
selecting Chapter
writing conclusions Paragraph
Inclusion criteria Paragraph Definition Paragraph Paragraph Item
Independence Section Item
Independent variable Warning
Individuals Definition Paragraph Warning Example
Internal validity Chapter Section Chapter Paragraph Item
managing confounding Section
sources of variation Section
Interquartile range (IQR) Subsection Item
Intervention Section Item Item
Leading questions Item
Levels Paragraph
Limitations Paragraph
ecological (practicality) Section
external validity (generalisability) Section
research design (effectiveness) Section Item
Linear equations Paragraph Subsection
intercept Item
rise over run Example Example
slope Item
Loaded dice Paragraph
Mann-Whitney test Paragraph
Margin of error Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Item
Mean
difference between Paragraph Paragraph
of a population Paragraph Paragraph Section
of a sample Subsection Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Section
Mean difference Paragraph Chapter Paragraph Section
between Section
Mean|( Subsection
Mean|) Subsection
Median Item Paragraph
of a population Example
of a sample Subsection
qualitative ordinal data Paragraph
Median|( Subsection
Median|) Subsection
Mode Paragraph
Model Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Mutually exclusive Item Definition Paragraph Example
Mutually exclusivr Paragraph
Natural variation Item Section
Non-parametric statistics Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Normal distribution Paragraph Paragraph Item
approximating percentages Section
examples for data Section
using tables Section
using tables backwards Section
Observer effect Section
Odds Section Example Example Example Section Item
Odds ratio Section Paragraph Section Section Section Section
interpreting Note Warning Warning
Outcome Paragraph Definition Warning
Outliers Item Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Item Paragraph
IQR rule Subsection
IQR rule!extreme outliers Item
IQR rule!mild outliers Item
managing Subsection
rules compared Subsection
standard deviation rule Subsection
Overplotting Paragraph Example Paragraph
jittering Paragraph Example Paragraph Example Paragraph
stacking Paragraph Example Example Paragraph
P-values Paragraph Section
estimating using 68–95–99.7 rule Subsection
interpretation Section
one-tailed Paragraph Item
two-tailed Paragraph
using tables Subsection
Parameter Paragraph Item Paragraph
Percentages Section Example Paragraph
Percentiles Subsection
Pilot study Paragraph Item Paragraph Paragraph
Placebo Example Exercise Paragraph Exercise
Placebo effect Section
Plagiarism Item Item Item Subsection
POCI Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Population Paragraph Paragraph Definition Warning Warning Definition Item
refining Paragraph
Practical importance Paragraph Paragraph Section Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Example Note
Precision Paragraph Definition Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Probability Paragraph Example Item
classical approach Subsection Paragraph
conditional Section
relative frequency approach Subsection
subjective approach Subsection
Probability!conditional Paragraph
Proportions Paragraph Section Example Paragraph Example
of a population Section
of a sample Section
Protocol Section Paragraph Item Item Item
Qualitative data
compare between individuals
summary tables Paragraph
comparing between individuals Chapter Section
distribution Section
frequency table Section
graphs|( Section
graphs|) Paragraph
levels Definition Example Definition Definition Paragraph
nominal Definition
ordinal Definition
summarising|( Chapter
summarising|) Section
summary tables Section
Qualitative data|( Section
Qualitative data|) Section
Quantitative data
averages Item Section
changes within individuals Chapter
graphs Paragraph
summary tables Paragraph
compare between individuals Chapter
comparing between individuals
graphs Paragraph
summary tables Paragraph
continuous Definition Example
correlation Chapter
correlation!graphs Section
correlation!summary tables Section
discrete Paragraph Definition Example
distribution Subsection
frequency tables Section
graphs|( Section
graphs|) Subsection
outliers Item Section
shape Item
summarising|( Chapter
summarising|) Section
summary tables Section
variation Item Section
Quantitative data|( Section
Quantitative data|) Section
Quartiles Definition Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Questionnaire Section Definition Note
biases Subsection
questions Section
questions!closed Paragraph Example Example
questions!open-ended Paragraph Example Example
response rate Example
software Subsection
R@\(R^2\) Paragraph
R^2 Subsection
meaning Example
Random Item
Random procedure Definition Paragraph
Randomised controlled trials Paragraph
Range Subsection Paragraph Paragraph
Reference level Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Regression Subsection Item
coefficients Paragraph Paragraph Section
equation Paragraph
equation!for understanding Subsection
equation!intercept Item Paragraph Paragraph
equation!line of best fit Paragraph
equation!making predictions Subsection
equation!rise over run|( Paragraph
equation!rise over run|) Paragraph
equation!slope Item
equation!using software Subsection
Resampling methods Paragraph Paragraph Example Paragraph
Research
mixed-methods Paragraph
qualitative Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Item
quantitative Paragraph Paragraph
reproducibility Item Section Paragraph Item Warning
six steps Section Paragraph Paragraph
Research design Chapter Chapter Paragraph Item
internal validity|( Chapter
internal validity|) Section
Research design|) Subsection
Research question Item
correlational Section Section Section Paragraph Item
decision-making Item Example Section
descriptive Section Section Item
estimation Item Section
one- and two-tailed Paragraph
relational Section Section Section Item Chapter
repeated-measures Section Section Section Item Item
writing Section
Response variable Item Paragraph Example Paragraph Paragraph
Sample Paragraph Definition Paragraph Paragraph Warning Definition Item Item
Sample size Definition Item Paragraph Section
Sample size estimation Section Paragraph
difference between means Section
difference between proportions Section
mean difference Section
one mean Section
one proportion Section
Sample space Definition
Sampling Chapter Section Section Paragraph
bias Section
combination of methods Paragraph
non-random Subsection
cherry-picking Item
convenience Item
judgement Item
voluntary Item
non-random!voluntary Item
proportional Example
random Subsection Section Paragraph Warning
cluster Subsection
multi-stage Subsection
simple random Subsection
stratified Subsection
systematic Subsection
representative Section Paragraph
Sampling distribution Paragraph Warning Section Paragraph Item
comparing two means Section
comparing two proportions Section
mean difference Section Section Section
odds ratio Section
one mean Section Section
one mean (\sigma known) Section
one proportion (for a CI) Section
one proportion (for testing) Section
one proportion (known p) Section
paired quantitative data Section Section Section
Sampling distribution!regression parameters Subsection
Sampling frame Definition
Sampling interval Section
Sampling mean Item
Sampling variation Paragraph Warning Example Definition Warning Definition Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
Scientific process Paragraph
Sensitivity Item Paragraph
Shape Section
bimodal Item
left skewed Item
negatively skewed Item
positively skewed Item
right skewed Item
symmetric Item
Sign test Paragraph
Simpson’s paradox Paragraph Item
Skewness Paragraph Item Paragraph Paragraph
Software output Note Paragraph Paragraph
comparing two means Item Paragraph
comparing two odds (odds ratio) Note Warning Warning Paragraph
comparing two proportions Section Paragraph Paragraph
correlation Paragraph Subsection Paragraph Subsection
graphs Section Section Paragraph Paragraph Section Section Subsection
mean differences Paragraph Exercise Paragraph
one mean Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
regression Subsection Item Paragraph
Specificity Item Paragraph
Standard deviation
of a population Warning Section
of a sample Subsection Paragraph Section
Standard error Paragraph
Statistic Paragraph Subsection Paragraph
Statistical significance Warning Section Example Item Item
Statistical validity (for inference) Section
comparing two means Section
mean differences Section
odds ratio Section Paragraph
one mean Section Section
one proportion Section Section
Statistical validity (for inference)!correlation coefficient Section
Statistical validity (for inference)!regression parameters Section
Study types Chapter
analytical Paragraph Paragraph
case-control studies Example Paragraph Warning
cohort studies Paragraph
compared Section
cross-sectional studies Paragraph
crossover studies Paragraph
descriptive Section
directionality Section
backward Subsection Paragraph
forward Subsection Paragraph
non-directional Subsection Paragraph
directionality!non-directional Exercise
experimental Section Paragraph Item Item
quasi Subsection
true Subsection
observational Section Paragraph
paired Paragraph Example Paragraph Paragraph
prospective Paragraph
retrospective Paragraph
Subjects Paragraph
Summary table
comparing two means Paragraph
comparing two odds Section
comparing two proportions Section
correlations Section
mean difference Paragraph
Survey Section Note
Symbols used Section
t-score Note Note Paragraph Paragraph
Tables
preparing Section Subsection
two-way Paragraph
Test statistic Paragraph Paragraph
chi-squared Subsection
chi-squared score Item
t-score Section Paragraph Item Item
z-score Section Paragraph Paragraph Item
Toy store Paragraph
Treatments Definition Paragraph
Two-way tables Section Paragraph Paragraph
summary by columns Section
summary by rows Section
Type I error Item Example Item
Type II error Item
Units of analysis Section Item Item Item Warning Item Item Item
Units of measurement Paragraph Paragraph Warning
Units of observation Section Item Item Item
Unstandardising formula Section Item
Variables Section Item
between-individuals Definition Item
confounding Definition Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph
continuous quantitative Definition
control Paragraph Paragraph Item
discrete quantitative Definition
extraneous Section Paragraph Section Paragraph Item
lurking Definition Paragraph Paragraph
nominal qualitative Definition
ordinal qualitative Definition
qualitative|( Section
qualitative|) Section
quantitative|( Section
quantitative|) Section
within-individuals Definition
Variation measures compared Subsection
Washout Section
Washout period Paragraph
Welch’s test Paragraph
Wilcoxon signed ranks test Paragraph Item
Within-individual variation Item Item
z
z-score Item
z-score Note Paragraph Section
z-score tables
negative z Section
online Section
positive z Section
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